{"id":2442,"date":"2019-06-10T02:15:41","date_gmt":"2019-06-10T02:15:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/?post_type=publications&#038;p=2442"},"modified":"2019-07-14T05:50:14","modified_gmt":"2019-07-14T05:50:14","slug":"governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr","status":"publish","type":"publications","link":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/","title":{"rendered":"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This literature review is a preliminary activity of the Communal \nAgricultural Land Management (CALM) project, led by the Department of \nAgricultural Land Management (DALaM) of the Ministry of Agriculture and \nForestry (MAF) with the support of MRLG. The overall objective of the \nproject is to develop, test, and promote a model integrating communal \nland planning, registration, titling, and management called the Communal\n Agricultural Land Management (CALM) model. The model will be designed \nto be replicable and able to be implemented in Lao PDR to safeguard \ncommunities\u2019 communal land tenure security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The purpose of the literature review is to 1) summarise and analyse \nhow communal land is managed, governed, registered, and titled in Laos, \n2) identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed in a field study\n to be conducted under the project, and 3) make recommendations \nconcerning the development of the CALM model. The literature review is \naimed at grounding understanding of communal land management in Laos as \nwell as thinking through the remaining challenges and questions that the\n project must address.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This literature review is a preliminary activity of the Communal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2443,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"categories":[],"country":[46],"priority":[],"class_list":["post-2442","publications","type-publications","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","country-laos"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v24.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR - Mekong Region Land Governance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"km_KH\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This literature review is a preliminary activity of the Communal [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mekong Region Land Governance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-07-14T05:50:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/staging.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"3509\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/\",\"name\":\"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR - Mekong Region Land Governance\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-10T02:15:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-07-14T05:50:14+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"km-KH\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"km-KH\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png\",\"width\":2480,\"height\":3509},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1799\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1799\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/\",\"name\":\"Mekong Region Land Governance\",\"description\":\"MRLG and its alliance members work together to protect the tenure rights of smallholder farmers in the Mekong Region.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"km-KH\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Mekong Region Land Governance\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"km-KH\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/mrlg-180-e1697686525838.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/mrlg-180-e1697686525838.jpg\",\"width\":150,\"height\":220,\"caption\":\"Mekong Region Land Governance\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR - Mekong Region Land Governance","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/","og_locale":"km_KH","og_type":"article","og_title":"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR","og_description":"This literature review is a preliminary activity of the Communal [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/","og_site_name":"Mekong Region Land Governance","article_modified_time":"2019-07-14T05:50:14+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2480,"height":3509,"url":"https:\/\/staging.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/","url":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/","name":"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR - Mekong Region Land Governance","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png","datePublished":"2019-06-10T02:15:41+00:00","dateModified":"2019-07-14T05:50:14+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"km-KH","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"km-KH","@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png","width":2480,"height":3509},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/publications\/governing-communal-land-in-the-lao-pdr\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c7","item":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1799","item":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1799\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Governing Communal Land in the Lao PDR"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/","name":"Mekong Region Land Governance","description":"MRLG and its alliance members work together to protect the tenure rights of smallholder farmers in the Mekong Region.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"km-KH"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#organization","name":"Mekong Region Land Governance","url":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"km-KH","@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/mrlg-180-e1697686525838.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/mrlg-180-e1697686525838.jpg","width":150,"height":220,"caption":"Mekong Region Land Governance"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"spectra_custom_meta":{"_edit_lock":["1563083416:1"],"_thumbnail_id":["2443"],"_edit_last":["1"],"publication_type":["a:2:{i:0;s:7:\"Reports\";i:1;s:14:\"Working Papers\";}"],"_publication_type":["field_5cd271bc4de86"],"theme":["a:1:{i:0;s:28:\"Customary Tenure Recognition\";}"],"_theme":["field_5cd2726342b85"],"countries":["a:1:{i:0;s:4:\"Laos\";}"],"_countries":["field_5cc9ad70a8c68"],"language":["a:1:{i:0;s:7:\"English\";}"],"_language":["field_5cd272e442b86"],"cover_image":["2443"],"_cover_image":["field_5ccc4ced85cd1"],"subtitle":[""],"_subtitle":["field_5cd13f4e6cac0"],"short_summary":["This literature review is a preliminary activity of the Communal Agricultural Land Management (CALM) project, led by the Department of Agricultural Land Management (DALaM) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) with the support of MRLG. The overall objective of the project is to develop, test, and promote a model integrating communal land planning, registration, titling, and management called the Communal Agricultural Land Management (CALM) model. The model will be designed to be replicable and able to be implemented in Lao PDR to safeguard communities\u2019 communal land tenure security."],"_short_summary":["field_5cd13f746cac1"],"long_summary":["The purpose of the literature review is to 1) summarise and analyse how communal land is managed, governed, registered, and titled in Laos, 2) identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed in a field study to be conducted under the project, and 3) make recommendations concerning the development of the CALM model. The literature review is aimed at grounding understanding of communal land management in Laos as well as thinking through the remaining challenges and questions that the project must address."],"_long_summary":["field_5cd13fb36cac2"],"authors":[" Miles Kenney-Lazar "],"_authors":["field_5cc1752cd4132"],"publication_file":["2444"],"_publication_file":["field_5cc9ac57f75ab"],"date_published":["20170712"],"_date_published":["field_5cc9ad17a8c65"],"publishers":["Department of Agricultural Land Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Lao PDR"],"_publishers":["field_5cc9ad49a8c66"],"number_of_pages":["19"],"_number_of_pages":["field_5cc9ad59a8c67"],"copyright":[" CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 International License. Rights reserved re design "],"_copyright":["field_5cc9ad87a8c69"],"_uag_page_assets":["a:9:{s:3:\"css\";s:16826:\".uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media (max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}}\n.uagb-ifb-content>svg *{-webkit-transition:all 0.2s;-o-transition:all 0.2s;transition:all 0.2s}.uagb-ifb-content>svg,.uagb-ifb-content{display:inline-block}.uagb-ifb-content>svg{vertical-align:middle;width:inherit;height:inherit;font-style:initial}.uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap svg{box-sizing:content-box;width:inherit;height:inherit}.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper:empty{display:none}div.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper a.uagb-infobox-cta-link,div.uagb-ifb-cta a.uagb-infobox-cta-link,.entry .entry-content a.uagb-infobox-cta-link,a.uagb-infobox-link-wrap,.entry .entry-content a.uagb-infobox-link-wrap{text-decoration:none;align-items:center}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title.uagb-infobox-image-valign-middle .uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title.uagb-infobox-image-valign-middle .uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-infobox-image-valign-middle .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-image-valign-middle .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox-image-valign-middle .uagb-ifb-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox-image-valign-middle .uagb-ifb-content{-ms-flex-item-align:center;-webkit-align-self:center;align-self:center}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title.uagb-infobox-image-valign-top .uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title.uagb-infobox-image-valign-top .uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-infobox-image-valign-top .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-image-valign-top .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox-image-valign-top .uagb-ifb-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox-image-valign-top .uagb-ifb-content{-webkit-align-self:self-start;align-self:self-start}.uagb-infobox-left{justify-content:flex-start;text-align:left;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-moz-box-pack:start}.uagb-infobox-center{justify-content:center;text-align:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center}.uagb-infobox-right{justify-content:flex-end;text-align:right;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-moz-box-pack:end}.uagb-infobox-icon-above-title.uagb-infobox__content-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-below-title.uagb-infobox__content-wrap{display:block;width:100%}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-content>svg,.uagb-infobox-icon-left .uagb-ifb-content>svg{margin-right:10px}.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-content>svg,.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-content>svg{margin-left:10px}.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox__content-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox__content-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-left-title-image,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-right-title-image{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:flex;-js-display:flex}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-left-title-image .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-right-title-image .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-image-content{flex-shrink:0;line-height:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-left-title-image .uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-right-title-image .uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left .uagb-ifb-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-content{flex-grow:1}.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox__content-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-right-title-image{-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-moz-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end}.uagb-ifb-content img{position:relative;display:inline-block;line-height:0;width:auto;height:auto !important;max-width:100%;border-radius:inherit;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-border-radius:inherit}.uagb-infobox-module-link{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;z-index:4;width:100%;height:100%}.uagb-edit-mode .uagb-infobox-module-link{z-index:2}.uagb-infobox-link-icon-after{margin-right:0;margin-left:5px}.uagb-infobox-link-icon-before{margin-right:5px;margin-left:0}.uagb-infobox-link-icon{-webkit-transition:all 200ms linear;transition:all 200ms linear}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap{box-sizing:border-box;position:relative;width:100%;word-break:break-word;z-index:1}.uagb-ifb-separator{display:inline-block;margin:0;border-top-color:#333;border-top-style:solid;border-top-width:2px;line-height:0}.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper{line-height:1}.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper.uagb-ifb-button-type-text .uagb-infobox-cta-link.wp-block-button__link{background-color:unset;border:none}.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper.uagb-ifb-button-type-text .uagb-infobox-cta-link.wp-block-button__link:hover{background-color:unset;border-color:unset}.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper .uagb-infobox-cta-link{cursor:pointer}.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper .wp-block-button__link svg,.uagb-ifb-button-wrapper .ast-outline-button svg{fill:currentColor}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap a{-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none}.uagb-ifb-title-wrap{width:100%}.uagb-ifb-title{margin-block-start:0}.uagb-ifb-title-wrap .uagb-ifb-title-prefix{display:block;padding:0;margin:0}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap.uagb-infobox__content-wrap{position:relative}.uagb-ifb-content{width:100%}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap.uagb-infobox,.uagb-ifb-content,.uagb-ifb-title-wrap,.uagb-ifb-title-prefix *,svg.dashicon.dashicons-upload{z-index:1}a.uagb-infobox-link-wrap{color:inherit}.uagb-ifb-content p:empty{display:none}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content img{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content svg{display:inline-block}.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-image-content{box-sizing:content-box}.uagb-infobox-cta-link>svg{vertical-align:middle;width:15px;height:15px;font-size:15px}.uagb-infobox-cta-link{display:inline-flex}.block-editor-page #wpwrap .uagb-infobox-cta-link svg,.uagb-infobox-cta-link svg{font-style:normal}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{margin-right:10px;line-height:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{margin-left:10px;line-height:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-left .uagb-ifb-left-right-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-left-right-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-left-title-image,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-right-title-image{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.uagb-infobox-icon-right .uagb-ifb-left-right-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title .uagb-ifb-right-title-image{-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-moz-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end}a.uagb-infbox__link-to-all{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:3;width:100%;height:100%;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px){.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-image-content{padding:0;margin-bottom:20px}.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-reverse-order-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-moz-inline-box;display:inline-flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;-js-display:inline-flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:reverse}.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content,.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-image-content{display:block;width:100%;text-align:center}.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-image-content{margin-right:0;margin-left:0}.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet.uagb-infobox__content-wrap{display:inline-block}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{margin-right:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox-stacked-tablet .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{margin-left:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-separator{margin:10px 0}}@media screen and (max-width: 767px){.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap{display:inline-block}.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{padding:0;margin-bottom:20px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0}.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap.uagb-reverse-order-mobile{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-moz-inline-box;display:inline-flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;-js-display:inline-flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:reverse}.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content{display:block;width:100%;text-align:center}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-left.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{margin-right:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right-title.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-image-content,.uagb-infobox-icon-right.uagb-infobox-stacked-mobile .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap{margin-left:0}.uagb-infobox-icon-left-title .uagb-ifb-separator{margin:10px 0}}.uagb-ifb-icon svg{width:inherit;height:inherit;vertical-align:middle}.uagb-ifb-button-icon{height:15px;width:15px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:middle}.uagb-ifb-button-icon svg{height:inherit;width:inherit;display:inline-block}.uagb-ifb-button-icon.uagb-ifb-align-icon-after{float:right}.uagb-ifb-cta-button{display:inline-block}.uagb-disable-link{pointer-events:none}@media only screen and (min-width: 977px){.uagb-infobox-margin-wrapper{display:flex}}.uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-desc p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}\n.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon > span{font-size: 30px;width: 30px;line-height: 30px;color: #333;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon svg{fill: #333;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap svg{width: 30px;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;color: #333;fill: #333;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap svg{line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;color: #333;fill: #333;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-iconbox-icon-wrap{margin: auto;display: inline-flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: content-box;width: 30px;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap > svg{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap > svg{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-left-title-image svg{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;color: #333;fill: #333;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-right-title-image svg{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;color: #333;fill: #333;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-imgicon-wrap{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-infobox .uagb-ifb-image-content img{border-radius: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap img{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;border-radius: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-right-title-image > img{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;border-radius: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-left-title-image > img{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;border-radius: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content > img{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;border-radius: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-title-wrap .uagb-ifb-title-prefix{margin-bottom: 10px;margin-top: 5px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.wp-block-uagb-info-box .uagb-ifb-title{margin-bottom: 10px;margin-top: 10px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.wp-block-uagb-info-box .uagb-ifb-desc{margin-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #333;border-top-style: solid;margin-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #333;border-top-style: solid;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-align-icon-after{margin-left: 5px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-align-icon-before{margin-right: 5px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content svg{box-sizing: content-box;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content img{box-sizing: content-box;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-infobox__content-wrap{text-align: left;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox-icon-above-title{text-align: left;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-infobox-cta-link > svg {margin-left: 5px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-title{font-size: 1.1em;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-desc{font-size: 12px;line-height: 20px;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap > svg{width: 30px;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap > svg{line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content img{box-sizing: content-box;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon > span{font-size: 30px;width: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-iconbox-icon-wrap{width: 30px;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-left-title-image > svg{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-right-title-image > svg{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-infobox-cta-link > svg {margin-left: 5px;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap > svg{width: 30px;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-icon-wrap > svg{line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-left-title-image > svg{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-content .uagb-ifb-right-title-image > svg{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-ifb-content img{box-sizing: content-box;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon{width: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-ifb-icon > span{font-size: 30px;width: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d .uagb-iconbox-icon-wrap{width: 30px;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;}.uagb-block-66d6896d.uagb-infobox__content-wrap .uagb-infobox-cta-link > svg {margin-left: 5px;}}\";s:2:\"js\";s:0:\"\";s:18:\"current_block_list\";a:6:{i:0;s:14:\"core\/paragraph\";i:1;s:13:\"uagb\/info-box\";i:2;s:12:\"core\/heading\";i:3;s:17:\"core\/social-links\";i:4;s:16:\"core\/social-link\";i:5;s:21:\"mailchimp-for-wp\/form\";}s:8:\"uag_flag\";b:1;s:11:\"uag_version\";s:10:\"1791530977\";s:6:\"gfonts\";a:0:{}s:10:\"gfonts_url\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"gfonts_files\";a:0:{}s:14:\"uag_faq_layout\";b:0;}"],"astra_style_timestamp_css":["1770371856"],"_wpml_media_has_media":["1"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-2442.css"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01.png",2480,3509,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-300x200.png",300,200,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-424x600.png",424,600,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-768x1087.png",768,1087,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-848x1200.png",848,1200,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-1086x1536.png",1086,1536,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-1447x2048.png",1447,2048,true],"carousel-mobile":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-600x400.png",600,400,true],"carousel-large":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-1200x800.png",1200,800,true],"publication-cover":["https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Governing-Communal-Land-Lao-PDR_DALaM_2007_Page_01-200x300.png",200,300,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"This literature review is a preliminary activity of the Communal [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publications\/2442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publications"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publications"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2442"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=2442"},{"taxonomy":"priority","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mrlg.org\/km-kh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/priority?post=2442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}